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The purpose of a Select node in SPSS Modeler is to filter data based on specific conditions. When working with datasets, analysts often need to focus only on relevant subsets of the data for their analysis. The Select node allows users to specify criteria, such as specific values or ranges for certain attributes, so that only records that meet these conditions are retained for further processing. This capability is essential for building models, as it enables the data scientist to eliminate noise, reduce complexity, and concentrate on the most pertinent observations that will help inform their analysis or predictions.

While modifying data structures, visualizing distributions, and aggregating data are important functionalities within SPSS Modeler, they are not the primary function of the Select node, which is specifically designed to filter data entries effectively.